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Urinary retention
Urinary retention is the inability to urinate and is characterised by a poor urinary stream with intermittent flow, straining, a sense of incomplete voiding and hesitancy (a delay between trying to urinate and the flow actually beginning). Urinary retention can be caused by a weak bladder muscle, an obstruction in the urinary tract or by neurological problems that interfere with signals between the brain and the bladder. Complications in nerve signalling can impede important messages from reaching the brain which makes urination difficult or impossible.
Intermittent urinary catheterisation is a good option for managing urinary retention and may be carried out by the patient themselves (intermittent self catheterisation - ISC) or another person such as a nurse or carer (clean intermittent catheterisation). This procedure allows the bladder to be emptied and the kidneys to function normally .
In Intermittent catheterisation, the catheter is inserted into the bladder in order to drain retained urine and removed immediately after draining the bladder. For each catheterisation (four to six times a day), a new catheter is used. Performing ISC restores bladder control and reduces the risk of urinary tract infections as the bladder is drained effectively and emptied completely.
Please note that intermittent self catheterisation should only be carried out under medical advice and only in accordance with the instructions given.
Children with neurogenic bladder dysfunction can be catheterised by their parents or a professional care service before they start to self-catheterise on their own. Both, the children and their parents must be carefully educated and trained in IC by healthcare professionals, especially if the children are still too young to do it on their own.The age at which a child can begin to self-catheterise will depend on their own development and confidence. Catheters of 2.0 to 2.7 mm diameter (Ch06 to Ch08) are typically used for infants and small children.
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